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non-ferrous metals industry

  • 1 non-ferrous metals industry

    1. цветная металлургия

     

    цветная металлургия
    Отрасль тяжелой пром-ти, включающая добычу и обогащение руд, произ-во и обработку цв. металлов и их сплавов. Структурно ЦМ включает 16 подотраслей: алюминиевую, никель-кобальтовую, медную, свинцово-цинковую, оловянную, редкометалльную, вольфрамо-молибденовую, титано-магниевую, сурьмяную, плавикошпатовую, электродную, твердосплавную, по обработке цв. металлов, спец., полупроводниковую и вторичную металлургию.
    [ http://metaltrade.ru/abc/a.htm]

    Тематики

    EN

    Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > non-ferrous metals industry

  • 2 comprehensive use of raw materials in non-ferrous metals industry

    1. КИС в цветной металлургии

     

    КИС в цветной металлургии
    Переработка руд цв. и редких металлов с наиб. полным извлеч. всех ценных составляющих. Выход отходов при добыче этих руд — до 80 %, при обогащении — до 10 %. Токсичные вещ-ва в них представлены соединениями As, S, Sb, Se, Те и др. эл-тов, в том числе металлами: Hg, Pb, Cd, Zn и др. Все руды — комплексные, но классифиц. как более простое рудное сырье: медные, никелевые и т.д. Так, в Сu-сырье содержится до 30 эл-тов, имеющих потребительскую ценность, хотя извлекается < 20, к-рые выделяются в медный, цинковый, пиритный, молибденовый, магнетитовый, свинцовый и баритовый концентраты. Осн. потери в стоимостном выражении приходятся на благородные металлы и серу. РЬ—Zn-руды, включая Сu— Pb-Zn, Cu-Pb-Bi и др. сложное сырье, являются источником для извлеч. > 20 эл-тов и выпуска > 40 видов товарной продукции. На фабриках кроме осн. концентратов получают медный, пиритный, баритовый, оловянный концентраты и золотосодержащий продукт. Оловянные руды содержат W, Си, Pb, Zn, Bi, In, Cd и др. металлы. Они отличаются не только сложностью веществ, состава, но и сложной структурой: тонкой вкрапленностью касситерита и прорастанием минералов W, Sn и др. Руды редких металлов представлены W-, W-Mo-, Ti-Zr-разностями. Обычно это сырье сложного состава, содержащее наряду с осн. металлами сопутств. эл-ты. Аl-сырье (бокситы и нефелины) содержат в промышл. кол-вах Fe, Ti, V, Ga, Sc и др. На предприятиях ЦМ производят серную к-ту, соду, поташ, минер. удобрения, строит. и др. материалы. Повышение комплексности переработки сырья на ее предприятиях остается важнейшей нар.-хоз. задачей.
    Перечень направлений повышения КИС в ЦМ весьма широк. Он охватывает геологию, горное, обогатительное и металлургич. произ-во, обработку металлов, произ-во чистых металлов, полупроводниковых материалов, получ. сплавов, охрану природы и экономику. Их выполнение требует не только улучшения и совершенств. примен. приемов и оборудования, но и принцип. новых технич. решений от добычи до металлургич. переработки. Для снижения загрязнения окруж. среды необх. создание малоотходных и безотходных произ-в, очистки металлургич. газов от вредных примесей, в первую очередь от S02 в малых концентрациях, фторидов, СО, бензопиренов и диоксинов и др. вредных вещ-в, нужна технология очистки рудничных и сточных вод не только от ионов тяж. металлов, но и от иголочных металлов и анионов.
    [ http://metaltrade.ru/abc/a.htm]

    Тематики

    EN

    Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > comprehensive use of raw materials in non-ferrous metals industry

  • 3 metals industry

    эк. металлургическая отрасль, металлургия

    In the precious metals industry, there are several distinct industry subsets with different characteristics.

    See:

    Англо-русский экономический словарь > metals industry

  • 4 non-ferrous metallurgy

    1. цветная металлургия

     

    цветная металлургия
    Отрасль тяжелой пром-ти, включающая добычу и обогащение руд, произ-во и обработку цв. металлов и их сплавов. Структурно ЦМ включает 16 подотраслей: алюминиевую, никель-кобальтовую, медную, свинцово-цинковую, оловянную, редкометалльную, вольфрамо-молибденовую, титано-магниевую, сурьмяную, плавикошпатовую, электродную, твердосплавную, по обработке цв. металлов, спец., полупроводниковую и вторичную металлургию.
    [ http://metaltrade.ru/abc/a.htm]

    Тематики

    EN

    Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > non-ferrous metallurgy

  • 5 Morrison, William Murray

    [br]
    b. 7 October 1873 Birchwood, Inverness-shire, Scotland
    d. 21 May 1948 London, England
    [br]
    Scottish pioneer in the development of the British aluminium industry and Highlands hydroelectric energy.
    [br]
    After studying at the West of Scotland Technical College in Glasgow, in January 1895 Morrison was appointed Engineer to the newly formed British Aluminium Company Limited (BAC); it was with this organization that he spent his entire career. The company secured the patent rights to the Héroult and Bayer processes. It constructed a 200 tonne per year electrolytic plant at Foyers on the shore of Loch Ness, together with an adjacent 5000 kW hydroelectric scheme, and it built an alumina factory at Larne Harbour in north-eastern Ireland. Morrison was soon Manager at Foyers, and he became the company's Joint Technical Adviser. In 1910 he was made General Manager, and later he was appointed Managing Director. Morrison successfully brought about improvements in all parts of the production process; between 1915 and 1930 he increased the size of individual electrolytic cells by a factor of five, from 8,000 to 40,000 amperes. Soon after 1901, BAC built a second works for electrolytic reduction, at Kinlochleven in Argyllshire, where the primary design originated from Morrison. In the 1920s a third plant was erected at Fort William, in the lee of Ben Nevis, with hydroelectric generators providing some 75 MW. Alumina factories were constructed at Burntisland on the Firth of Forth and, in the 1930s, at Newport in Monmouthshire. Rolling mills were developed at Milton in Staffordshire, Warrington, and Falkirk in Stirlingshire, this last coming into use in the 1940s, by which time the company had a primary-metal output of more than 30,000 tonnes a year. Morrison was closely involved in all of these developments. He retired in 1946 as Deputy Chairman of BAC.
    [br]
    Principal Honours and Distinctions
    Commander of the Order of St Olav of Norway 1933 (BAC had manufacturing interests in Norway). Knighted 1943. Vice-Chairman, British Non-Ferrous Metals Research Association, Faraday Society, Institute of Metals. Institute of Metals Platinum Medal 1942.
    Bibliography
    1939, "Aluminium and highland water power", Journal of the Institute of Metals 65:17– 36 (seventeenth autumn lecture),
    JKA

    Biographical history of technology > Morrison, William Murray

  • 6 Junghans, Siegfried

    SUBJECT AREA: Metallurgy
    [br]
    b. 1887
    d. 1954
    [br]
    German pioneer of the continuous casting of metals.
    [br]
    Junghans was of the family that owned Gebrüder Junghans, one of the largest firms in the German watch-and clockmaking industry. From 1906 to 1918 he served in the German Army, after which he took a course in metallurgy and analytical chemistry at the Technical High School in Stuttgart. Junghans was then given control of the brassworks owned by his family. He wanted to make castings simply and cheaply, but he found that he lacked the normal foundry equipment. By 1927, formulating his ideas on continuous casting, he had conceived a way of overcoming this deficiency and began experiments. By the time the firm was taken over by Wieland-Werke AG in 1931, Junghans had achieved positive results. A test plant was erected in 1932, and commercial production of continuously cast metal followed the year after. Wieland told Junghans that a brassfounder who had come up through the trade would never have hit on the idea: it took an outsider like Junghans to do it. He was made Technical Director of Wielands but left in 1935 to work privately on the development of continuous casting for all metals. He was able to license the process for non-ferrous metals during 1936–9 in Germany and other countries, but the Second World War interrupted his work; however, the German government supported him and a production plant was built. In 1948 he was able to resume work on the continuous casting of steel, which he had been considering since 1936. He pushed on in spite of financial difficulties and produced the first steel by this process at Schorndorf in March 1949. From 1950 he made agreements with four firms to work towards the pilot plant stage, and this was achieved in 1954 at Mannesmann's Huckingen works. The aim of continuous casting is to bypass the conventional processes of casting molten steel into ingots, reheating the ingots and shaping them by rolling them in a large mill. Essentially, in continuous casting, molten steel is drawn through the bottom of a ladle and down through a water-cooled copper mould. The unique feature of Junghans's process was the vertically reciprocating mould, which prevented the molten metal sticking as it passed through. A continuous length of steel is taken off and cooled until it is completely solidified into the required shape. The idea of continuous casting can be traced back to Bessemer, and although others tried to apply it later, they did not have any success. It was Junghans who, more than anybody, made the process a reality.
    [br]
    Further Reading
    K.Sperth and A.Bungeroth, 1953, "The Junghans method of continuous casting of steel", Metal Treatment and Drop Forging, Mayn.
    J.Jewkes et al., 1969, The Sources of Invention, 2nd edn, London: Macmillan, pp. 287 ff.
    LRD

    Biographical history of technology > Junghans, Siegfried

  • 7 Champion, Nehemiah

    SUBJECT AREA: Metallurgy
    [br]
    b. 1678 probably Bristol, England
    d. 9 September 1747 probably Bristol, England
    [br]
    English merchant and brass manufacturer of Bristol.
    [br]
    Several members of Champion's Quaker family were actively engaged as merchants in Bristol during the late seventeenth and the eighteenth centuries. Port records show Nehemiah in receipt of Cornish copper ore at Bristol's Crews Hole smelting works by 1706, in association with the newly formed brassworks of the city. He later became a leading partner, managing the company some time after Abraham Darby left the Bristol works to pursue his interest at Coalbrookdale. Champion, probably in company with his father, became the largest customer for Darby's Coalbrookdale products and also acted as Agent, at least briefly, for Thomas Newcomen.
    A patent in 1723 related to two separate innovations introduced by the brass company.
    The first improved the output of brass by granulating the copper constituent and increasing its surface area. A greater proportion of zinc vapour could permeate the granules compared with the previous practice, resulting in the technique being adopted generally in the cementation process used at the time. The latter part of the same patent introduced a new type of coal-fired furnace which facilitated annealing in bulk so replacing the individual processing of pieces. The principle of batch annealing was generally adopted, although the type of furnace was later improved. A further patent, in 1739, in the name of Nehemiah, concerned overshot water-wheels possibly intended for use in conjunction with the Newcomen atmospheric pumping engine employed for recycling water by his son William.
    Champion's two sons, John and William, and their two sons, both named John, were all concerned with production of non-ferrous metals and responsible for patented innovations. Nehemiah, shortly before his death, is believed to have partnered William at the Warmley works to exploit his son's new patent for producing metallic zinc.
    [br]
    Bibliography
    1723, British patent no. 454 (granulated copper technique and coal-fired furnace). 1739, British patent no. 567 (overshot water-wheels).
    Further Reading
    A.Raistrick, 1950, Quakers in Science and Industry, London: Bannisdale Press (for the Champion family generally).
    J.Day, 1973, Bristol Brass, a History of the Industry, Newton Abbot: David \& Charles (for the industrial activities of Nehemiah).
    JD

    Biographical history of technology > Champion, Nehemiah

См. также в других словарях:

  • non-ferrous metallurgy (science), non-ferrous metals industry (industry) — Смотри цветная металлургия …   Энциклопедический словарь по металлургии

  • comprehensive use of raw materials in non-ferrous metals industry — Смотри КИС в цветной металлургии …   Энциклопедический словарь по металлургии

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  • цветная металлургия — Отрасль тяжелой пром ти, включающая добычу и обогащение руд, произ во и обработку цв. металлов и их сплавов. Структурно ЦМ включает 16 подотраслей: алюминиевую, никель кобальтовую, медную, свинцово цинковую, оловянную, редкометалльную, вольфрамо… …   Справочник технического переводчика

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